Stockholm International ForumForum On The HolocaustCombating IntoleranceTruth, Justice and ReconciliationPreventing Genocide
You are here: 2004 / Workshops, Panels and Seminars / Track 1, Threats: Anticipating Genocidal Violence / Report from Workshop Track 1: Anticipating genocidal violence
Participants

Countries and organizations

Conference documentation

Conference programme

Regeringskansliet
Report from Workshop Track 1: Anticipating genocidal violence
Presentation, Option Paper, by Dr. Frank Chalk
Presentation Option Paper, by Ms. Helen Fein
Presentation by Ms. Linda Melvern
Presentation, Opotion Paper, by Professor Yehuda Bauer
Presentation, Option Paper, by Mr. Magnus Ranstorp
Presentation, Option Paper, by Alexander Alvarez
Presentation Option Paper, by Professor Barbara Harff
Presentation by Dr. Reva Adler
Presentation, Option Paper, by Ms. Alison Des Forges

Report from Workshop Track 1: Anticipating genocidal violence

Track 1, Threats: Anticipating Genocidal Violence

The workshop was divided into three sessions focusing on The Roots of Genocidal Violence, Global Genocidal Ideologies and Risk Assessment and Early Warning.

The panellists in the initial session presented scholarly research concerning the attributes which are characteristic of genocidal violence. The issues of media and genocidal propaganda were also discussed, and it was broadly agreed that propaganda makes an impact, evidenced by the crucial role the manipulation of radio media played in the Rwandan genocide. The discussion then shifted to the failure of western nations to intervene in Rwanda, and the role the media did not play. Attention was drawn to the fact that HIV-infected Rwandan war criminals held at the tribunals were provided with life prolonging medication, while their rape victims–who were called upon by the ICTR to testify–were denied the same medical treatment. Other topics discussed were the linkages between African genocide and concerns for public health and the concerns of several constituents about the lack of spotlight on the Sarajevo, Cambodian, Albanian and Roma genocides during this forum.
The panellists in the initial session presented scholarly research concerning the attributes which are characteristic of genocidal violence. The issues of media and genocidal propaganda were also discussed, and it was broadly agreed that propaganda makes an impact, evidenced by the crucial role the manipulation of radio media played in the Rwandan genocide. The discussion then shifted to the failure of western nations to intervene in Rwanda, and the role the media did not play. Attention was drawn to the fact that HIV-infected Rwandan war criminals held at the tribunals were provided with life prolonging medication, while their rape victims–who were called upon by the ICTR to testify–were denied the same medical treatment. Other topics discussed were the linkages between African genocide and concerns for public health and the concerns of several constituents about the lack of spotlight on the Sarajevo, Cambodian, Albanian and Roma genocides during this forum.

Concrete proposals and suggestions included: Holocaust museums incorporating information on current genocidal violence; an internet resource on contemporary hotspots; and an ecumenical effort to engender discussion supporting a culture of tolerance and accountability.A final suggestion was that the motives of perpetrators should be examined for the sake of prevention, not only after the fact.

The second section discussed genocidal ideologies and how they could be countered. International ideologically based terrorism became the main topic of discussion.
 
Differences between strategic and tactical terrorism were emphasized, as well as social and political methods of combating such terrorist and potentially genocidal ideologies. There was also much discussion of how a genocidal ideology was constituted; in particular, its malleable nature, motivations, and the means by which this potential threat could be eliminated. Participants emphasized that it was important not to stigmatize and generalize on the basis of national, racial, ethnic or religious characteristics.

The third session addressed the issue of early warning, both concerning the methods available and the institutions needed. It was concluded that in order to be effective, early warning needs to be objective or independent and at the same time have a clear link to policy makers. An early warning model of genocide, based both upon structural factors and direct accelerators, with a high prediction rate was presented. The panellists discussed the respective advantages of qualitative and quantitative methods of assessment, and worries were expressed about a model without connection to reality. In the discussion the panellists all agreed on the importance of local knowledge in addition to more general early warning systems; local information is essential, yet relying only on local sources may create bias problems. An equally important question raised was the necessary reaction of the international community to war crimes as well as the judicial consequences of genocidal acts. It was stated that for long term prevention, we must send the message to perpetrators that the world is watching and that anyone committing war crimes will be prosecuted and punished.



>> Back to top


Introduction

Opening Session

Plenary Sessions

Workshops, Panels and Seminars

Closing Session and Declarations

Other Activities

For information about this production and the Stockholm International Forum Conference Series please go to www.humanrights.gov.se or contact Information Rosenbad, SE-103 33 Stockholm, Sweden